Louis proposed massive demolition and the creation of a great ceremonial plaza punctuated with subway terminals and loops, elevated pleasure drives and parking structures. By 1928, Harland Bartholomew's Plan for the Central River Front, St. The age of the railroad gradually changed the bustling character of the old riverfront district the advent of the automobile brought additional decline. Steamboat captains and millionaires shared drinks with Mark Twain and Eugene Field." Beulah Schact, rhapsodizing in the JGlobe-Democrat, stated: "During the halcyon days on the river, it was known from Minneapolis to New Orleans as one of the liveliest spots along the shores. The jaunty, out-sized mansard roof just visible in the 1940 photo above probably dated to the Victorian period as do some of the colorful bits of improbable Rock House lore. During the next sixty years of Clemens' family ownership, the building was home to a sail maker's shop, an ironworks store, a produce and a commission house. In 1828, the warehouse was purchased by James Clemens, Jr., a cousin of Mark Twain. Five years after his death in 1820, the warehouse and a stable were finally auctioned for only $440 to settle the estate. Lisa built the rubble-stone warehouse in 1818 on a lot he had purchased for $600 in 1810, but the high risk, high profit fur business often entailed high mortgages. A commendation for wartime activity from Governor William Clark along with Lisa's marriage in 1818 to a "lady of standing" are indicators of how rapidly one could gain social status in pioneer St. It was this mutual trust that enabled Lisa to persuade his partners to attack and neutralize pro-British tribes during the War of 1812. an eagle among hawks" who returned generous favor and honest dealing in exchange for secure trade territory. James Neal Primm in Lion of the Valley described "Black Manuel" as brilliant, aggressive, bold and fearless. Louis fur trade and quickly forged a monopoly with the Indian tribes of the upper Missouri River. Born in New Orleans of Spanish parents, Lisa challenged the French founders' hold on the St. Manuel Lisa (1771-1820) arrived in the village of St. By November of 1940, the last tenants were evicted and a $22,410 Works Project Administration grant had been obtained to help turn the venerable structure into a "museum of the historic St. The National Park Service had purchased the building (an 1818 warehouse built by Manuel Lisa) in 1936. The sign on the front door of the small stone building in the photo above informed the public and the demolition contractor for the Jefferson National Expansion Memorial that the Old Rock House was the property of the United States government. November 1, 1940, looking west on Chestnut Street from Wharf Street. More detail about the newly renovated park, along with photos, can be found in the source article by Lau.By Carolyn Hewes Toft, Former Executive Director The park is historically significant and was created to commemorate: the Louisiana Purchase, and the subsequent westward movement of American explorers and pioneers the first civil government west of the Mississippi River and the debate over slavery raised by the Dred Scott case. Clement Lau, a California domiciled park planner, toured the park and notes: The park also includes the 631 tall Gateway Arch (including a tram to a viewing room at the top), a museum and gift shop covering the westward expansion ,the old courthouse (where the Dred Scott trials took place), and surrounding park open space along the Mississippi River. Leading up to the designation, the park underwent a $380 million renovation, which included a freeway cap park over the I-44. It had been a National Memorial since 1935. Louis Gateway Arch Park was dedicated as a National Park.
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